The common ways of mechanical component failure can be divided into three types: excessive deformation failure, fracture failure, and surface damage failure. It is called failure.

(1) Excessive deformation failure: The failure of a component caused by excessive deformation exceeding the allowable range. It mainly includes failure modes such as excessive elastic deformation, plastic deformation, and creep that occurs at high temperatures.

(2) Fracture failure: The phenomenon where a component separates into two or more disconnected parts due to excessive load-bearing or fatigue damage. Fracture is the most severe form of failure, including ductile fracture failure, low-temperature brittle fracture failure, fatigue fracture failure, creep fracture failure, and environmental fracture failure.

(3) Surface damage failure: Failure caused by relative friction or corrosion by environmental media on the surface of a part during operation, resulting in damage or size changes on the part surface. It mainly includes surface wear failure, corrosion failure, surface fatigue failure, and other forms.

It should be pointed out that the same mechanical component is often not just a failure mode at work. However, generally one way plays a dominant role in causing component failure. The core issue of failure analysis is to identify the main failure modes.